Current Issue : October - December Volume : 2014 Issue Number : 4 Articles : 6 Articles
Programmable logic controllers (PLCs) are complex embedded systems that are widely used in industry. This paper presents a\ncomponent-based modeling and validation method for PLC systems using the behavior-interaction-priority (BIP) framework.We\ndesigned a general system architecture and a component library for a type of device control system. The control software and\nhardware of the environment were all modeled as BIP components. System requirements were formalized as monitors. Simulation\nwas carried out to validate the systemmodel.Arealistic example fromindustry of the gates control system was employed to illustrate\nour strategies. We found a couple of design errors during the simulation, which helped us to improve the dependability of the\noriginal systems. The results of experiment demonstrated the effectiveness of our approach....
Hardware/software (HW/SW) partitioning is to determine which components of a system are implemented on hardware and which\nones on software. It is one of the most important steps in the design of embedded systems. The HW/SW partitioning problem\nis an NP-hard constrained binary optimization problem. In this paper, we propose a tabu search-based memetic algorithm to\nsolve the HW/SW partitioning problem. First, we convert the constrained binary HW/SW problem into an unconstrained binary\nproblem using an adaptive penalty function that has no parameters in it. A memetic algorithm is then suggested for solving this\nunconstrained problem.The algorithm uses a tabu search as its local search procedure.This tabu search has a special feature with\nrespect to solution generation, and it uses a feedback mechanism for updating the tabu tenure. In addition, the algorithm integrates\na path relinking procedure for exploitation of newly found solutions. Computational results are presented using a number of test\ninstances fromthe literature. The algorithmproves its robustness when its results are compared with those of two other algorithms.\nThe effectiveness of the proposed parameter-free adaptive penalty function is also shown....
Embedded system works everywhere for repeatedly performing a few particular functionalities. Well-known products include\nconsumer electronics, smart home applications, and telematics device, and so forth. Recently, developing methodology of\nembedded systems is applied to conduct the design of cloud embedded system resulting in the applications of embedded system\nbeing more diverse. However, the more energy consumes result from the more embedded system works. This study presents\nhyperrectangle technology (HT) to embedded system for obtaining energy saving.TheHTadopts drift effect to construct embedded\nsystems with more hardware circuits than software components or vice versa. It can fast construct embedded system with a set\nof hardware circuits and software components. Moreover, it has a great benefit to fast explore energy consumption for various\nembedded systems. The effects are presented by assessing a JPEG benchmarks. Experimental results demonstrate that the HT,\nrespectively, achieves the energy saving by 29.84%, 2.07%, and 68.80% on average to GA, GHO, and Lin....
Embedded systems have become increasingly connected and communicate with each other, forming large-scaled and complicated\nnetwork systems. To make their design and testing more reliable and robust, this paper proposes a formal specification language\ncalled SENS and a SENS-based automatic test generation tool called TGSENS. Our approach is summarized as follows: (1) A user\ndescribes requirements of target embedded network systems by logical property-based constraints using SENS. (2) Given SENS\nspecifications, test cases are automatically generated using a SAT-based solver. Filtering mechanisms to select efficient test cases are\nalso available in our tool. (3) In addition, given a testing goal by the user, test sequences are automatically extracted fromexhaustive\ntest cases.We�ve implemented our approach and conducted several experiments on practical case studies.Through the experiments,\nwe confirmed the efficiency of our approach in design and test generation of real embedded air-conditioning network systems...
Embedded devices are everywhere now and, unlike personal computers, their systems differ in implementation languages and\nbehaviors. Interactions of different devices require programmers to master programming paradigms in all related languages. So, a\ndefect may occur if differences in systems� behaviors are ignored. In this paper, a heterogeneous system which is composed of two\nsubsystems is introduced and we point out a potential defect in this system caused by an interface mismatch. Then, a state based\napproach is applied to verify our analysis of the system....
In 21st century for industries and companies, there are large numbers of production items. We require production time should be less for production of products. The problem of fire or short circuit may cause more loss to the industry or a company. This system is to help the industry by the automization of the motors which are used in industries or in companies. Our paper is based on automization in DC motors in industries named as multichannel fault analysis and distance monitoring system. We are using GSM modem as well as microcontroller for implementation of this system. This paper gives automization of motors for parameters like temperature, voltage, current, vibration, light intensity etc. This system is very useful for industrial workshop applications for safety as well as security purpose....
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